Обсуждаем новости. VOA: Scotland Votes No

One of the biggest news last week was the referendum on Independence of Scotland. And even though we already know the results (Scotland voted No), let’s see what the VOA will tell us about this referendum and its consequences for the UK and the world.

Background – names, organizations and event you should know about:

Scotland:
•   Scotland gained independence in 1314, after Robert the Brucedefeated the English army at the Battle of Bannockburn.
•   Scotland had its own monarch until 1603. After Elizabeth I died, James VI of Scotland also became James I of England, ruling both countries.
•   The Kingdom of Scotland remained as an independent state until 1 May 1707, when the Acts of Union joined it with England, in the United Kingdom of Great Britain.
•   Since July 1, 1999, Scotland has its own parliament, for the first time since 1707.
•   The country still has its own legal system, separate from England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Juries can return verdict of “guilty”, “not guilty” and “not proven.”
•   The Bank of Scotland, founded in 1695, is the oldest surviving bank in the UK. It was also the first bank in Europe to print its own bank notes.
•   Scotland has three officially recognized languages: English, Scots and Scottish Gaelic, with just one per cent of the population using the last.

In order to understand this video we’ll need to know the following words.

Одной из самых больших новостей на прошлой неделе был референдум о независимости Шотландии. И хотя мы уже знаем результаты (Шотландия проголосовала против), давайте посмотрим, что VOA скажет об этом референдуме и его последствиях для Великобритании и мира.

Полезная информация – имена, организации и события, которые вам следует знать:

Шотландия:
• Шотландия обрела независимость в 1314 году, после того как Роберт Брюс победил английскую армию в битве при Бэннокберне.
• У Шотландии был свой монарх до 1603 года. После смерти Елизаветы I, Джеймс VI Шотландский стал Джеймсом I Английским, и правил обеими странами.
• Королевство Шотландия оставалось независимым государством до 1 мая 1707 года, когда Акт об Унии объединил ее с Англией в Великобританию.
• С 1 июля 1999 года у Шотландии есть свой парламент впервые с 1707 года.
• Страна до сих пор имеет свою судебную систему, отличающуюся от систем Англии, Уэльса и Северной Ирландии. Жюри могут вынести решение "виновный", "невинный" и "не доказано".
• Банк Шотландии, основанный в 1695 году, – старейший существующий банк в Великобритании. Это был первый банк в Европе, печатавший собственные банкноты.
• В Шотландии есть три официальных языка: английский, шотландский и шотландский гэльский. Последним пользуется всего 1 процент населения.

Для того чтобы понять это видео, вам необходимо знать следующие слова.

Vocabulary:

resignation	a formal statement saying that a person gives up an office or position	отставка
to emerge a winner	to appear, to turn out	выйти победителем
narrow defeat	defeat with small difference in results	проигрыш с маленькой разницой
to reiterate	еo repeat, to say again	повторить
pledge	promise, oath	поручительство, обещание
welfare	governmental programs providing funds and aid to people in need, especially those unable to work.	благополучие
to clamor for	to influence, demand by making much noise about smth	требовать
key point	main idea	ключевой момент
secessionist	еhose supporting formal withdrawal from unions, federations rather political unions	сепаратистский
to hand out	to give	раздавать
to take the wind out of the sailsof	to make someone feel less confident or less determined to do something, usually by saying or doing something that they are not expecting	выбить землю из-под ног
deliberation	Careful consideration before decision	размышления

And now replace the highlighted phrases in the following sentences by the ones we learnt. If you have difficulties with the task, try watching and inserting necessary phrases at the same time.

deliberations
key point
narrow defeat
resignation
secessionist
to clamor for

А теперь замените выделенные фразы в этих предложениях теми, что мы изучили. Если у вас возникли проблемы с этим заданием, попробуйте снова просмотреть видео и одновременно вставлять необходимые фразы.

to emerge
to hand out
to pledge
to reiterate
to take the wind out of the sails
welfare

1.   A leader of the Yes campaign later announced his leaving office as Scotland’s First Minister effective in November.
2.   Scotland can still appear as the real winner.
3.   For the pro-independence the campaign was a small but crushing defeat.
4.   Prime Minister David Cameron repeated his promise to give Scotland more powers.
5.   Scotland will vote separately in the Scottish parliament on their issues of tax, spending and social support from government.
6.   In addition, we have seen that the cities and the regions of England now also demanding more powers.
7.   The real fact is that they had the chance and the possibility to vote and this is the main idea, this is what we are looking for.
8.   Separatist movements from Spain, Belgium, Italy and as far away as Okinawa in Japan sent observers to Scotland.
9.   If other countries can see value in that, in devolving out, in giving the small amount of power in order to take confidence away from nationalist or secessionist movements

Language 1

But for Scotland the campaign continues and the dream shall never die.

This mysterious shall drives so many people crazy. They told you one thing in school and now they ask you to forget it. So when and why do we actually use it? Let’s see:
- the most common way to use shall is making suggestions, requests or ask for advice:
What shall I do?
Shall we listen to some music?
- we know that shall is usually used with I or we. But sometimes, just like in this case, shall is used with other persons to make a promise, command or threat:
You shall obey my rules. (command)
You shall not pass! (threat)
- in American English shall is often used in formal or legal documents:
There shall be no trespassing here.
Students shall wear uniform in school.
As we can see “the dream shall never die”is clearly a promise made by an avid supporter of the independence of Scotland.

Этот загадочный shall сводит с ума тысячи студентов. В школе вам говорили одно, а теперь просят все это забыть. Так когда и почему мы можем его использовать? Давайте посмотрим:
- самый обычный способ использования shall – для предложений, просьб или советов:
Что мне делать?
Может, послушаем музыку?
- мы знаем, что shall используется с “я” и “мы”. Но иногда, как и в этом случае, shall используется и с другими лицами, чтобы давать обещания, команды или делать угрозы:
Ты будешь выполнять мои правила. (приказ)
Ты не пройдешь. (угроза)
- в американском английском shall часто используется в формальных и правовых документах:
Здесь прохода нет.
Ученики должны носить форму в школе.
Как видим, "the dream shall never day" это точно обещание, сделанное ярым сторонником независимости Шотландии.

Language 2

In addition, we have seen that the cities and the regions of England now also clamoring for more powers.

And again we are talking about transitions – phrases or words that help you connect ideas in your speech. In his interview Jo Murkins explains that all the parts of the United Kingdom a special and unique treatment. But he also has something to say about cities in England. That’s why he uses the phrase “in addition”. It gives us one more piece of information, which proves the point being made.
Some other phrases that can be used to add information or state the similarity to other ideas are:

Moreover
What is more
As a matter of fact
Furthermore
Besides (this)
To tell you the truth
In fact
Actually
Let alone
Additionally
Not to mention (this)

И снова мы говорим о переходных словах и фразах, помогающих соединить идеи в речи. В своем интервью Джо Меркинс объясняет, что все части Объединенного королевства требуют особого и уникального отношения. Но он тоже хочет сказать кое-что о городах в Англии. Поэтому он использует фразу in addition. Она дает нам возможность узнать еще один факт, подтверждающий общее мнение.

Вот еще несколько фраз, которые можно использовать для ввода дополнительной информации или объяснения сходства идей:

Кроме того
Более того
На самом деле
Кроме того
Кроме того
Честно говоря
На самом деле
На самом деле
Не говоря уж о
Кроме того
Не говоря уж о

Don’t ask me to go out with you. You know I have a headache. Moreover, I hate all kinds of parties.(Moreover explains one more reason I don’t want to go. Moreover объясняет еще одну причину, почему я не хочу уходить.)
Don’t ask for more money, I don’t have any with me right now. Not to mention the fact that I have already given you pocket money twice this month.
(Not to mention explains one more reason Tom won’t get any pocket money from his dad. Not to mention объясняет еще одну причину, почему Том не получит карманные деньги от отца.)

Ok, are you ready for a little grammar task?

Ну что, готовы к небольшому грамматическому заданию?

Language Task

What would you say in the following situations? Use the phrases in the brackets.

1.   You meet an old friend in the street right in front of a coffee shop. You both have some time to talk. (shall/have coffee)
2.   You break your mom’s favorite cup. The pieces are all over the kitchen. You ask your friend to help you figure out what to say to your mom. (shall/tell her)
3.   Your neighbor parked his car on your flower bed. Tell him he’ll regret it. (shall/regret it)
4.   You read the office rules which say that the employees can’t make personal phone calls using office phones (shall/not use)
5.   You asked your freind to lend you some money. You promise to return it by weekend. (shall/get your money back)
6.   Tell your friend that his dog is stupid and you don’t like dogs in general. (futhermore)
7.   Tell the police officer that your neighbors have been drilling the walls at night and that their son plays the violin in the mornings. (not to mention)
8.   Tell the ticket lady that you’ve been standing in line for an hour and that you booked the tickets online. (actually)
9.   Tell your boss that you can’t stay after work for 2 hours every day and that you didn’t get paid for last month. (as a matter of fact)
10.   Tell your family you’re not in the mood for cooking and you’re not hungry at all. (in fact)

I’m waiting for your answers in the comments or my e-mail: [email protected]

PS.Ever seen people queuing up to buy a phone? Think it’s crazy? Well, me too. But let’s look at them anyway. iPhone 6 is out and the world has gone crazy again. ABC News shows us what it’s like.

Жду ваших ответов в комментариях или по электронному адресу: [email protected]

ЗЫ: Вы когда-нибудь видели людей в очереди за телефонами? Думаете, безумие? Я тоже. Но давайте все-таки на них посмотрим. iPhone 6 теперь в продаже, а мир в очередной раз сошел с ума. ABC News расскажет, что и как.

Answers to the previous issue about Gogolfest Reflections on War

Vocabulary Task Keys:
1.   abandoned
2.   bizarre
3.   expansive
4.   upheaval
5.   embraces, push the limits
6.   shine the spotlight on, unfolding
7.   set up, makeshift, spin
8.   have driven
9.   against the backdrop
10.   war-torn

Language Task Keys:
1.   The dog made the burglar jump over the fence.
2.   Do you know if someone make John say that?
3.   I never made you go to the museums with me.
4.   Computer games make most kids forget about everything.
5.   How do you make such a stubborn person listen to you?
6.   How do you know the professor he is at home?
7.   Don’t forget to turn the lights them off.
8.   Danny’s mother she is very famouse.
9.   The mountains we visited they were very beautiful.
10.   Tom he doesn’t know anything about cars.

Prepared by Olha Yankova

Новости. VOA: Scotland Votes No