Безпека в літаках: читаємо англійською

Last week a huge tragedy did not only shock the whole world but also made everyone think how safe it is to fly. You never know who has a control over your plane after all. CBS explains in details about safety measures and pilots’ health checks in this story.

Background information:
Co-pilot – the assistant pilot on an airplane, who aids or relieves the pilot
Cockpit – the area in a plane where the pilot sits
Bulletproof materials – materials that are designed to stop bullets from going through them
Airplane cabin – an area inside a plane where the passengers sit
Flight attendant – someone who serves food and drinks to passengers on a plane, and looks after their comfort and safety
Relief pilot – a third pilot that is present on board when the flight is longer than 8 hours.
Aviation Safety Network – the resource center for aircraft accidents and civil aviation safety issues.

In order to understand this video we’ll need to know the following words.

Минулого тижня страшна трагедія не тільки шокувала увесь світ, але й примусила задуматися, наскільки безпечно дітати. Адже ніоли не знаєш, хто контролює літак. CBS детально пояснює заходи безпеки та систему перевірки пілотів у цьому репортажі.

Корисна інформація:
Co-pilot – другий пілот – другий пілот на борту, який допомагає або заміняє пілота
Cockpit – кубрик – частина літака, де знаходиться пілот
Bulletproof materials – куленепробивні матеріали – матеріали, що були створені, щоб зупиняти кулі
Airplane cabin – кабіна літака – частина літака, де знаходяться пасажири
Flight attendant – бортпровідник – той, хто подає їжу та напої, а також забезпечує комфорт та безпеку пасадирів під час польоту.
Relief pilot – третій пілот, що знаходиться на борту літака, якщо рейс довше ніж 8 годин.
Aviation Safety Network – інформаційний центр, що відслідковує авіакатастрофи та питання безпеки цивільної авіації.

Для того, щоб зрозуміти відео, вам знадобляться наступні слова.

Vocabulary:

seized	(here) to be taken by the police	(тут) вилучений
intentionally	on purpose (something is applied to what is definitely intended or done on purpose)	навмисно
to be sure	to be confident in what you think or know	впевнитися
to be fit	to be suitable for something	підходити
deliberately	on purpose (something is done not hastily but with full realization of what one is doing)	навмисно, свідомо
mandatory	compulsory; required by law	обов’язковий
reinforced	made stronger with additional materials	зміцнений
to seal off	blocked from something	блокувати
trade-off	a compromise	компроміс
to screen	to evaluate or investigate as part of methodical survey	перевіряти
to undergo	to experience something (like examination, experiment etc.)	піддаватися, проходити
to slip through the cracks	go past the elements that are intended to catch or detect such things	просочитися, проскочити
to disclose	to make known	розкривати (інформацію)

And now replace the highlighted phrases in the following sentences by the ones we learnt. If you have difficulties with the task, try watching and inserting necessary phrases at the same time.

deliberately
intentionally
mandatory
reinforced
seized
to be fit
to be sure

А тепер замініть виділені фразі у цих реченнях на ті, що ми вивчили. Якщо у вас виникли проблеми з цим завданням, спробуйте ще раз переглянути відео і одночасно вставляти необхідні фрази.

to disclose
to screen
to seal off
to slip through the cracks
to undergo
trade-off

1.   German investigators are going through items confiscated from the homes of Andreas Lubitz.
2.   Lubitz with his own intention sent that plane speeding into a French mountain.
3.   Revelations force the regulators to look more closely at how to confirm pilots are suitable to fly.
4.   After the French prosecutor revealed yesterday that he believes the co-pilot on purpose crashed the plane some European airlines made it required for two people to be in a cockpit at all times.
5.   On airlines in the United States, the cockpit door is made stronger with bulletproof material and a series of locks keep the pilots blocked from the cabin and crew.
6.   Administrator says there are compromises in the security measures.
7.   Before they are hired, US commercial pilots are checked and evaluated.
8.   On the job they pass medical exams every six months for pilots 40 or older and every year for those younger.
9.   Do you think that’s possible that pilots with depression are bypassing the system and getting behind the controls?
10.   You’re legally required to tell those things.

Language

According to the Aviation Safety Network worldwide there have been at least 9 pilot suicides since 1976.

According to many English dictionaries “according to” is used when we want to report what someone says.
“According to the Aviation Safety Network” means that the following information comes from them, they told us about it.
We can say “according to” when we want to refer to books or documents as well.
According to the map, we are almost there. (the map told us that).
But if you want to sound informal you can replace it with the following:
Noun + says
Google says, Aviation Safety Network reports accidents. (for example)

NOTE: if you want to emphasize the fact that what you say is your opinion, it’s better to say “In my opinion,”
In my opinion, last week’s tragedy was horrible.
BUT:
We don’t say “~~according to me~~” or “~~according to us~~” just as we don’t say ~~“according to … opinion”~~

Відповідно до багатьох словників англійської мови “according to” використовується, коли ми хочемо передати слова інших людей.
“According to the Aviation Safety Network” означає, що наступна інформація поступила від них, воні нам її повидомили.
Ми можемо казати “according to”, коли ссилаємося на книги та документи теж.
According to the map, we are almost there. (Згідно з картою, ми майже на місці).
Але якщо бажаєте розмовляти неформально, можете замінити її наступним:
Іменник + каже
Гугл каже, що Aviation Safety Network reports accidents. (наприклад)

УВАГА: якщо бажаєте наголосити на тому, що це ваша думка, краще сказати “In my opinion,” (на мою думку)
In my opinion, трагедія минулого тижня була жахливою.
АЛЕ:
Ми не кажемо “~~according to me~~” (згідно зі мною) чи “~~according to us~~” (згідно з нами), так само як і не кажемо “~~according to … opinion~~” (згідно з моєю думкою).

Language Task

Rewrite the following phrases with according to.
1.   Teacher says, we can read really fast. According to…
2.   The President says it’s going to be ok. According to…
3.   The policeman said they caught the robber. According to…
4.   My mom says that I don’t eat well. According to…
5.   My colleagues say that I am always late. According to…

I’m waiting for your answers in the comments or my e-mail: [email protected]

PS. Last Saturday the world celebrated the Earth Hour. Reuters showed us which cities supported the initiative. Now, did you turn your lights out?

Чекаю на ваші відповіді в коментарях або за електронною адресою: [email protected]

ЗИ: Минулого тижня світ відзначав Годину Землі. Reuters показали нам6 які міста підтримали ініціативу. А ви виключали світло?

Answers to the previous issue about BBC: Solar Eclipse

Vocabulary Task Keys

1.   shimmering
2.   plunge into
3.   chunk
4.   noticeably
5.   once-in-a-lifetime
6.   bother
7.   amply rewarded
8.   glimpse
9.   casting shadow
10.   extent
11.   magnificence

Language Task Keys

1.   She is too young to drive.
2.   I am too lazy to stand up and cook.
3.   It’s too old to be sold.
4.   He is too smart to argue with.
5.   It’s too long to read in a week.

Here you can download the script to the video!

Prepared by Olha Yankova

Top News. Боротьба авіакомпаній за безпеку