Line Graph – такий вид графіка, який описати абсолютно не складно, маючи в арсеналі відповідний набір лексики і парочку корисних порад. З цього і почнемо. Для початку ознайомимося зі словами, які будуть вкрай корисними при описі графіка.
Vocabulary for Graphs
Going Up
• Rose
• Went up
• Increased
• Grew
• Shot up
• Surged
• Rocketed
Going Down
• decreased
• fell
• dropped
• declined
• Went down
• Plunged
• Plummeted
No Change
• stayed the same
• remained constant
• stabilised
• remained steady
• were unchanged
• did not change
• remained stable
Up and Down
• fluctuated
• undulated
Small Changes - Adjectives / Adverbs
• gently
• gradually
• slightly
• steadily
• a little
Large Changes - Adverbs / Adjectives
• suddenly
• sharply
• dramatically
• steeply
• a lot
High Points
• reached a peak (peak when the graph looks like the "peak" of a mountain)
• peaked
• reached their highest level
Low Points
• fell to a low
• sank to a trough
• reached a bottom
Expressions of Time
• in 2012/ recent years
• over the year/ period
• between 1980 and 2012
• from 1980 until 2012
• since (point of time) May/ 2011
• for (period of time) the period / five months
Examples Using Noun and Verb Forms
• Sales rose from $50 to $140/ There was a rise in sales of $90
• Sales fell to 25 million dollars in 1998/ there was a fall in sales of 25 million dollars in 1998
• Sales fell by 2%/ there was a slight fall in sales of 2%
• It peaked at 23%/ it reached a peak of 23%
• it fluctuated between 5 and 8 percent, there was a fluctuation of 3%
Useful introductory expressions:
The graph shows / indicates / depicts / illustrates
From the graph it is clear
It can be seen from the graph
As can be seen from the graph,
As is shown / illustrated by the graph,
Example: The graph shows the percentage of children using supplements in a place over a year.
Useful time expressions:
over the next... / for the following... (for the following two months... over the next six months...)
from ... to / between ... and (from June to August... between June and August...)
during (during the first three months...)
Warning!
Per cent is the word form of the symbol %. We can write 10% or 10 per cent. Percentage is the noun form: The percentage of children using supplements. NOT ...
Note!
You can use a combination of adjective + noun, or verb + adverb, to avoid repeating the same phrase.
Example: There was a sharp decrease in the numbers. The numbers decreased sharply.
Це відео хоч і зняте не спеціально для підготовки до IELTS, але тут є саме ті слова і вислови, які ви зможете використовувати в описі Line Graph:
Найбільша помилка, якої припускаються студенти, – це опис усіх показників графіка по порядку. Наприклад, перерахування змін в хронологічному порядку, так, як вони і розташовані на осі координат. Або ж просто перерахування змін, які ви бачите на графіку. При такому підході ви втрачаєте бали. Що від вас вимагається – це відзначити тенденції та закономірності, зробити узагальнення і навести приклади. У відео саме про це і йдеться.
І, нарешті, ще два відео, де розібрані приклади опису Line Graph. Приклади – це завжди добре.
Щоб підготуватись до IELTS комплексно: пройти кожен розділ, попрактикувати вправи, розібратись зі структурою тесту та отримати купу порад, які допоможуть вам якісно підготуватися до здачі тесту IELTS, рекомендую самостійно пройти цей онлайн-курс від booyya.com - https://bit.ly/3KXu7p6.
Розглянемо ще один приклад.
Example
You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.
The line graph below shows the changes in the share price of Outokumpu companies in euros between January 2006 and December 2010.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.
Write at least 150 words.
Model answer
The graph shows the changes and a decline overall in the share price of Outokumpu in a five-year period from January 2006 through December 2010.
At the beginning of this period the share price was at EUR 13 per share. There were several fluctuations until late 2006 when there was a sudden increase from EUR 21 to EUR 31. This higher price did not last long, however, and it fell before rising strongly again in 2008. From mid-2008 there was a sharp downward trend through the end of the year when it fell to the lowest point in this period at just over EUR 7 per share. After that the share price recovered and, despite some fluctuations, continued to rise until it reached a peak of EUR 17 in early 2010. Until late 2010 the trend was downward again, ending the year at just over EUR 12.
Outokumpu made significant gains and losses during this period but overall lost around EUR 1 per share.
(164 words)
Тренуватися можна за допомогою ось таких вправ:
Practice
Task 1
Fill in the gaps with the vocabulary from the table above. Make sure you adapt the words to make the sentences grammatically correct. The completed paragraph below is an example of a body paragraph for a line graph.
Fill in the gaps with the correct vocabulary. You should use no more than two words for each gap.
The number of cases began at 100 in 1983 and then the figure 1. …………………… steadily to reach 200 in 1987. In the following year, there was 2. …………………… back to 100 before rising to 3. …………………….. 400 in 1989. The number4. ………… slightly to 350 in 1991 and then 5. ……………….. dramatically to a low of 0 in 1992.
Task 2
The graph below shows the amount of money spent on books in Germany, France, Italy and Austria between 1995 and 2005.
Write a report for a university lecturer describing the information below.
biggest sharp least dramatically
much less more three times
The line graph compares the amount of money spent on buying books in Germany, France, Italy and Austria over a period of ten years between 1995 and 2005.
In 1995 Austria spent the ........... amount of money on books, while Italy and France spent about as ........... as each other. However, by 2001, the gap in spending between these two countries had widened and considerably ........... money was spent in France than In Italy.
As can be seen from the graph, the amount of money spent increased in all four countries but rose the most ........... in Austria. The period between 2000 and 2005 saw a ........... growth and in 2005 the Austrians spent ........... as much money as they did in 1995.
However, during this ten-year period, Germany remained the ........... spenders on book, with all three other countries spending much ........... on them.
Task 3
The graph below shows the changes in food consumption by Chinese people between 1985 and 2010.
Put the sentences in the correct order to describe the graph.
1) The graph shows changes in the amount of fish, salt and meat eaten per person per week in China between 1985 and 2010.
2) In 1985, the consumption of fish stood at 610 grams, then increased to 700 grams in 1990.
3) The amount consumed decreased steadily from almost 500 grams per person to only 200 grams by 2010.
4) However, this gradually increased throughout the period.
5) Overall, the consumption of fish rose, while the consumption of salt fell.
6) The amount of meat consumed weekly started at about 100 grams.
7) From the graph we can see that people in China consumed more fish than either meat or salt throughout the period.
8) By 2010 it was at the same level as the consumption of salt.
9) In contrast, there was a consistent drop in salt consumption.
10) Although it dipped in 1995, it then rose steadily and reached 850 grams in 2010.
11) In addition, the consumption of meat, while at a relatively low level, rose significantly during this period.
Task 4
The line graph below gives information about the number of visitors to three London museums between June and September 2013.
Look at the line graph and complete the text with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets and the correct prepositions.
The graph ........... (show) how many people ........... (visit) three London museums in the summer of 2013. Most visitors ........... (go) to the British museum ........... June and September. The number ........... (fluctuate) between 500 and 750. By contrast, the Science Museum and the Natural History Museum ........... (receive) fewer visitors. The number of people who visited the Science Museum ........... (drop) gradually from 400 thousand to 300 from June to August then ........... (rise) to 450 thousand ........... September. We can ........... (see) that the trend for the Natural History Museum ........... (be) similar. There was a sharp drop in visitors from June to July. The number ........... (remain stable) in August and then ........... (increase) steadily in September.
Тут (www.ielts-mentor.com/ielts-line-graph) можна знайти більше прикладів і завдань. Звичайно, чим більше ви прочитаєте і пропрацюєте, тим краще напишете тест. Нічого складного немає, запам'ятовуйте лексику і застосовуйте там, де вона доречна.
М. ПЛОЩА УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ГЕРОЇВ,
